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What are animal experiments?
Animal experiments refers to any research that uses animals towards fulfilling a certain goal, whether to answer a curiousity, finding a cause for a condition, finding a cure, or testing a product for a particular reason, such as making money.
Why use animals in experiments?
There are many reasons that people give for supporting animal experiments. The main reason is that by using animals, researchers can find explanations and cures for human conditions or diseases. That animals are not humans and anything that is inflicted on them for human gain is valid as long as humans reap the benefits. Another reason is that by testing a drug or product on an animal before releasing it on the market, counters any legal claims by the public if the product has shown to have any adverse side-effects. In other words, it protects the company that is selling the product from litigation.
Furthermore, animals have no rights and are easily expendable, meaning that they have no real value other than being experimented on. This is the kind of thinking that the Nazis held during the Holocaust.
Another reason given isn't a valid reason at all....that using animals provides a guide to finding out how to medically treat humans, and provide a better quality of life for the consumer. That using another species to help us is ethically and scientifically sound. But it isn't.
Who does animal experiments?
Animal experiments are carried out by various groups or parties. The majority of experiments occur in research laboratories in either hospitals or universities. Other experiments are performed in specialised research facilities that are contracted by pharmaceutical companies, or multi-billion dollar businesses with shares in a product.
Government organisations such as CSIRO also carry out experiments, in particular on native animals to find cures for some animal diseases.
The Agricultural Sector is also involved in animal experiments. They fund billions of dollars into the research of creating animals that are of higher commercial value, such as genetically modifying animals to be bigger for more meat.
Even the Defence Force experiments on animals. New weapons, both technical and biological are tested on various animals to determine the damaging potential of the weapon.
What type of experiments are there?
There are many types of experiments depending on their purpose. As a general rule, animal-based experiments fall into three categories: Pure research, Applied Research, and Toxicology Testing. When people think of animal experiments, they commonly refer to those performed under Applied Research, such as Biomedical Research. For more information on the types of research used, go here.
What types of animals are used?
Most, if not all, animals are used in research. If there is a way an animal can be used as a subject, they will use that animal.
The most popular animals used are specifically bred mice and rats. These rodents make up close to 90% of laboratory animals. The type of animal used is dependant on the experiment. Guinea pigs and rabbits are popular test subjects for toxicology tests and product testing, such as cosmetics and household products. Cats and kittens are popular for neurological research. Primates such as baboons, chimpanzees and macaques are used in most research relating to human conditions, such as Parkinson's and Alzheimers. Dogs, such as the beagle- a timid and obedient animal, is a popular laboratory animal, as well as greyhounds used in heart research. Even reptiles, birds and fish are used.
Agricultural research involves many domesticated animals such as sheep, cattle and pigs. Poultry, such as chickens and turkeys are also experimented on.
In Australia, native wildlife such as koalas are also experimental animals
For a full type list and number of animals used in research in Australia, go here.
Basically, if "it" can breathe, "it" can be experimented on.
Do animal experiments happen in Australia?
Yes! Although not on the same scale as the U.S.A or U.K, animal experiments do happen in Australia. Australia has professed to many medical breakthroughs, such as the vaccine for cervical cancer. These experiments used animals in their research. Over 6 million animals are used in Australia each year (List)
Australia also prides itself on being a "farming nation". Agribusiness invests millions of dollars into funding genetic experiments in the hope of creating livestock animals for ther meat market. One famous experiment involved splicing genes from cattle into pigs to produce larger pigs.
It's ok to use animals because it helps us find cures, right?
Because some experiments were successful, doesn't mean that it validates them. For every successful experiment that succeeds, hundreds fail. For example, 19 in 20 cancer drugs fails in human clinical trials. Others drugs that have proven successful to begin with, have shown to have fatal consequences for people. Rezulin, a diabetes drug, was found successful in animal trials, but caused liver disease and even death for the human patients.
Furthermore, just because some tests are beneficial does not mean cruelty was justified or results could not have been otherwise obtained. Polio is a prime example of how success can be achieved without using animals. Awarded a Nobel Prize, the body of work carried out on Polio - the in vitro work, that didn't use animals was the success. The other research which involved the deaths of close to 1 million animals was found unworthy of recognition.
How would you feel if your beloved dog or cat was experimented on with no guarantee of success?
Are there alternatives to animals and are they successful?
There are many alternatives that can be used with more becoming available. The alternatives becoming more popular with researchers include human tissue sample, in vitro studies, stem cell research, and computer modelling. In the case of human tissue and stem cells, the results are far more accurate because the tissue and cells come from humans rather than another species. Computer modelling and programmes are also far more effective in determining drug effects than using animals. Due to technology advancing in alternatives, there is development on a "virtual human" which will accurately predict drug metabolism far more accurately than an animal.
More research based companies are investing time and funding in developing alternatives to animals. For more information about the alternatives available, go here.
Alternatives have been proven far more successful than animal-based experiments. There is no real excuse for researchers to not use them.
What is animal testing?
Animal testing can also be labelled as Toxicology Testing. These tests are used to determine whether new products are toxic to humans and how much. Products such as household products, personal hygiene, cosmetics, aerosols, paints, food additives etc, are forced into the animal either through inhalation, digestion, or injection, until half of the animals become violently sick or die. Those that do manage to survive are then killed and then dissected.
For more info about animal testing, go here.
Why test on animals?
The same reasons that are used for animal experiments. Primarily, the main reason is to test a product prior it being released on the market. If the product causes harm or fatal consequences for the person using it, then the company is free from litigation because it had been successful in animal trials.
Animals used in experiments and testing are not seen as worthy of living a pain free existence.
What companies test on animals?
There are so many companies that are involved in animal testing. Go here for a comprehensive list of companies that admittedly test on animals. Some of the well known companies include Clairol, Clear Choice, Cover Girl, Drano, Huggies, Johnson & Johnson, Lysterine, Max Factor, Nair, Pantene, Post-It, Vaseline, Vidal-Sassoon and Windex.
What products are tested on animals?
Most household and personal care products are tested on animals. Detergents, cleaning products, perfume aerosols and car cleaning products are just a few. Hygiene products range from shampoos, soaps, creams, powders, toothpaste, mouthwash and women's hygiene products, such as tampons.
Cosmetics and perfumes are the most common products tested on animals.
If it is for human use, it's been tested on animals, other than those products from companies that specify they do not.
Where can I buy products NOT tested on animals?
Due to an increase in consumer awareness and support for putting an end to animal testing, more companies are becoming 'cruelty-free'. To determine whether a particular product has not been tested on animals, companies include a 'cruelty-free' logo of a rabbit.
More and more cruelty-free products are finding their way to supermarket shelves and department stores, although they are still far outnumbered by those that are tested on animals. But they are there. You just have to take the time and look for them.
A popular company that has cruelty free products that are easily available from all supermarkets is Natures Organics. They have a range of shampoos, body washes and creams. Another company, EarthChoice, have a range of cruelty-free laundry detergents, dishwashing liquids and household cleaning products.
De Lorenzo, a popular supplier of hair care products to hairdressers, is cruelty free.
You will find that most, if not all, cruelty free companies are Aussie owned and ran.
The Internet is a great place to shop for products that are cruelty-free. You can order, pay online and have the product delivered to your door. Check out the Cruelty Free Shop, a Sydney based company that is specifically cruelty free.
An Australian organisation called Choose Cruelty Free is dedicated in putting a stop to animal testing. They have even compiled a list of companies that are certified cruelty free. Called the Preferred Product List (PPL) it is readibly available online or can be sent by mail for a small donation.
What is a vegetarian? Are there different types?
A vegetarian is someone who does not eat meat, fish and poultry, but may still eat eggs and consume dairy products. They may be vegetarian, not as an animal rights issue, but they may believe that this is a healthier diet choice.
The two most common types are:
Lacto Ovo Vegetarian
A lacto ovo vegetarian does not eat meat, fish or poultry, but eats eggs and milk. They eat eggs and products made with eggs in them, yogurt, cheese, milk and ice creams.
Lacto Vegetarian
A lacto vegetarian does not eat meat, fish, poultry or eggs, but includes dairy products in their diet. They will eat milk, ice cream (that does not include eggs), yogurt and cheese. They would avoid ice creams, baked goods, pancakes and veggie burgers that contain eggs.
Vegetarians eat fish, right?
No. If you eat fish or seafood, you should not label yourself as a vegetarian, as fish is a "meat source", as is other sea food.
What is a vegan?
In general terms, a vegan is a person who does not consume any meat or animal products, such as eggs or dairy. Compared to vegetarians, who may make a diet choice, veganism is a lifestyle choice . Furthermore, vegans do not consume any foods that have any animal by-products, such as gelatin found in jelly. Vegans also don't eat honey, because it is considered a by-product. Vegans will not use margarine that has casein, a milk product, in it. They also do not consume white granulated sugar because it is often processed by using char derived from animal bones to whiten the sugar.
Vegans also do not use or wear any products that have come from an animal, such as wool, leather and silk. They will only use those products, such as hygiene and household, that have not been tested on animals.
Vegans are of the belief that animals are not for human use in any form.
What do vegans eat?
It may appear that since they don't eat meat nor consume animal products, that they have a limited choice. Quite the opposite. Since they don't rely on meat as being the primary ingredient in their foods, vegans eat a larger variety of food that a meat eater would not even know existed. Vegans eat a great deal of soy, such as tofu and beancurd. These plant products contain just as much protein as meat, and can be supplemented into meals that ordinarily contain meat. Vegans also eat a large variety of different vegetables, fruit, legumes and grains, just to name a few. You will actually find a vegan diet is more varied than a typical meat included diet. It can also be seen as being healthier. For more information, check out the Going Vego section.
Where do vegans get their protein and iron?
The misconception that meat and eggs are the only sources of iron and protein, and dairy the only source of calcium are labelled as "myths".
All foods, including vegetables, grains and nuts contain protein and iron. They may not contain as much, but as long as the recommended servings are followed, a vegan will still get their required amount. The problem with eating meat is that people are getting too much protein which has its own problems. Furthermore, the issues of cholestoral and other health issues are a major concern for those with a high meat consumption. To find out more info about the protein, iron and calcium "myths", go here.
Where do vegans go out to eat?
Unfortunately, due to our society's reliance on animals combined with the fast lifestyle, most if not all restaurants and food places serve meat centred dishes. The over-saturation of fast food outlets such as McDonalds and KFC leave little consideration for the vegan. For vegans to just go to the food arcade at the shopping centre is a difficult task, as the availability of animal-free foods is so limited. Simply speaking, if you're a vegan, fast food is not an option for you.Then again, maybe that's not such a bad thing!
However, with most restaurants it is improving with more and more people becoming vegetarian or vegan. Many restaurants now have a vegetarian option available, and when asked of, will supply a vegan alternative.
Vegans are also being treated to restaurants that solely cater to their needs. Although there are very few of these restaurants in the outer suburbs, there a quite a few in inner Sydney.
Check out this Vegan Guide that lists some popular vegan places to eat.
Is vegan just about diet or is there other stuff involved?
Adopting veganism is more than just diet. It involves viewing all animals as being of equal and worthy consideration and that they should be allowed to live their lives as naturally as possible. That animals are not for our use or gain. We have no right to use or abuse them for our own means. It also involves viewing animals as individuals with their own set of thoughts, emotions etc that are applicable to them.
Veganism is not only a lifestyle choice. It is also a philosophy.
How is drinking cow's milk cruel? Don't they need to be milked anyway?
It's a misconception that cows "need to be milked". Cows, like other mammals, lactate and produce milk only when pregnant. To cope with the ridiculously high demand for milk and other dairy products, such as cheese, cows are artificially inseminated (forced pregnancy) at the same time. Furthermore, they are induced so that their milking cycle stays in synch, with the rest of the herd.
Following pregnancy, the calf is born and then taken away from their mother within two to three days. Because birth is induced, calves can often be stillborn or born too weak to stand or move. Known as 'Bobby Calves', most male calves are sent away to be marketed for slaughter, for example. The female calves are kept and are only fed "powdered milk substitutes". Calves DO NOT drink their mother's milk as the milk is destined for human consumption. To find out about the cruel treatment of calves, go here.
Apart from the calf issue, many dairy cows suffer from health problems, such as mastitis. This is a condition in which the udders are extremely and unnaturally swollen. Also, there are inhumane practices such as the debudding of horns and the cutting off of teats with scissors.
Even if you still believe that it is okay to drink milk, consider the environmental and water issue. Out of all the farmed animal industries, the Dairy Industry uses the most water and produces the most waste. Did you know that it takes 4,000 glasses of water to create just 1 glass of milk!
To find out more on why Dairy can be so cruel, go here for more info about the Dairy Industry.
Eggs aren't an animal, so how can eating eggs be cruel?
The majority of eggs available for purchase are caged eggs. These eggs come from battery systems in which hens are kept in small wire cages and forced to lay eggs at an unnatural rate. Fortunately, the public is becoming increasingly aware of this practice and a market for "free-range" eggs is becoming larger.
However, just like all other industries so reliant on animals for profit, there are so many hidden cruelty issues that the public is unaware of. For example, chicks are 'de-beaked', which involves cutting their beaks off. This is to reduce the incidents of hens pecking at each other. Furthermore, male chicks are useless to the egg industry and are often minced up while still alive to be used for fertiliser, for example.
For more info about how the Egg Industry can be cruel, go here.
What is soy? Where would I find soy cheese or soy yoghurt, for example?
Soy or soya or soybean is a plant of Asian origin that produces beans. It can be made into many different type of products, such as soy milk, soy chocolate, soy yoghurt, soy cheese, soy ice-cream, and even soy meat, such as soy beef, chicken and fish. It is very high in protein and nutritional value.
Soy products contain isoflavones (estrogen-like substances) that are being studied for the prevention of cancer, hot flashes that occur with menopause and osteoporosis (loss of bone density). Soy products in the diet may lower cholesterol levels and reduce the risk of heart disease.
Common soya products such as the soya milk, soy chocolate, yoghurt and ice-cream can be found at the local supermarket. There is also soy sausages, mince, and bacon! Known as VegieDelights these can be located in the cold section of the supermarket. However, these products contain milk so are not vegan.
'Frys' is a company that produces alot of vegan products, such as soy burgers, thick soy sausages and soy schnitzels. These can be found in the frozen section of the supermarket.
Other vegan products such as the soy cheeses and soy meats have to be purchased from health and vegan food shops. You may even purchase soy products over the website. Check out www.crueltyfreeshop.com.au
What is tofu? Is it good for you?
Tofu is also known as soya curd- a soft cheese-like food made by curdling soya milk with a coagulant. It easily absorbs the flavours of other ingredients and can be used as a substitute for meat in many dishes.
Fresh tofu is usually packaged in water and should be kept moist until use.
There are three types of tofu:
Firm tofu - Firm tofu is dense and can be cubed and stir-fried, grilled, scrambled, pickled, smoked, baked, barbecued or served in soups. Firm tofu is higher in protein, fats and calcium than other types of tofu.
Soft tofu - Soft tofu is more suited for recipes in which tofu needs to be blended.
Silken tofu - Silken tofu has a creamy structure and is also used in blended dishes. In Japan, silken tofu is consumed as such with some soy sauce.
Tofu is of exceptionally high nutritional value. It is full of protein and B- vitamins. Tofu also has a significant amount of calcium, more than soy milk. This is due to the coagulant (nigari) as the soy beans are precipitated with calcium. Tofu can be seen as being healthier than cow's milk as it lowers the level of "bad" LDL cholesterol, thus maintaining the level of "good" cholesterol. It is also very easy to digest.
Tofu is rich in isoflavones. It will reduce the risk of osteoporosis, a disease associated with reduced bone density and increased bone fractures. Isoflavones will also lower rates of breast cancer and prostate cancer, and reduce menopausal symptoms including mood swings and hot flushes.
My friend is vegetarian and she is always looks sick. Is it healthy?
Did she look as sick before you found out she was vegetarian? It is a misconception that all vegetarians or vegans look pale or sickly. I bet you will see far more sickly looking people who are in favour of eating meat! Unfortunately, the image of the weak and sickly vegetarian/vegan is a lie that the Meat Industry pushes so as to turn people away from vegetarianism. They're only interested about making money, not your health.
Vegetarianism or veganism are not unhealthy choices. In fact, they are the opposite! A diet free of meat and dairy have been found to reduce the risk of heart disease, obesity, cancer and osteoporosis. Check out our Go Vego section for more information.
Anyway, just ask Carl Lewis- a gold medal Olympic athlete, or Martina Navratilova, a multi winning Wimbledon champion. Are these vegetarians weak or sickly?!
I want to become vegetarian, but my parents aren't happy about it. What can I do?
There are a variety of reasons why your parents are hesitant about you becoming a vegetarian or vegan. A common one would be their concern as to whether you will be getting enough protein, iron or calcium, as well as all the vitamins. Inform them of the facts and go grocery shopping with them. By showing them the nutritional information on all the vegetarian or vegan products they will see that there isn't much of a difference at all. We also have a Vego starter pack full of info that you can download and give to your parents.
Perhaps the best way to approach the diet change is to introduce more vegetarian meals gradually. Instead of having to eat meat dishes every night, start eating two or three vegetarian meals as well. Invite your family to join you. I have found that teenagers who do this are very successful in changing their parent's view.
The one thing you must be careful of is not getting enough vitamins, especially the B12 vitamin. To help ease your parent's mind, take a multi-vitamin supplement.
What I like to say to parents is this: Would you rather me be a vegetarian or someone who will increase my risk of heart disease or cancer?
I heard somewhere that there is even soy chicken. Is that true?
Yes there is. There is also soy beef, soy fish, soy bacon, soy chicken nuggets, soy jerky and even soy prawns, to name just a few. These products are quite tasty and nutritional, and when cooked in place of the 'animal meat', you wouldn't even notice the difference. You can purchase these products at vegan food stores or even online, as most do not need to be frozen, like animal meat does.
We're omnivores and meant to eat meat. So why go against nature?
This question comes up alot. An omnivore can be defined as generalized feeders, with neither carnivore nor herbivore specializations for acquiring or processing food, and who are capable of consuming and do consume both animal protein and vegetation.
However, there are characteristics of our body that align us more with a vegetarian diet. First of all, the movement of our jaw is from side to side. This allows the grinding of plants with the flattened back molars. With carnivores, the jaw moves up and down necessary for ripping into raw flesh and swallowing whole without chewing. With concern to our canines, they are relatively small and our jaw is not strong enough to rip into flesh. Primates also have small canines used for defensive tools and communication. Primates such as gorillas and certian baboons have larger canines, but they are predominantly herbivores.
Secondly, the acidity of our stomach juices is not strong for digesting meat. Highly acidic juices are needed to both break down meat and destroy any harmful bacteria that may cause illness.
Our intestines are only closely aligned to that of a herbivore. Unlike short intestinal tracts and colons suited for allowing meat to pass through relatively quickly, our intestinal tracts are much longer allowing our body more time to break down fibre and absorb the nutrients from a plant-based diet.
One just has to look at the amount of meat in our modern diet and know of the huge increases in diseases such as heart disease and cancer to realise that our bodies may not be so adequately designed to break down meat.
Anyway, if we can get all our nutritional needs from sources that do not involve the killing of other creatures, then why do we need meat at all?
If animals weren't meant to be eaten, they wouldn't be made out of meat, right?
This is more of a silly statement than anything else. I like to reply with this:
We are made out of meat, does that mean I can eat you?
We are on top of the food chain so we have the right to eat other animals, right?
Are we really on top of the food chain and does our way of living involve us being a part of the food chain? To be included in a food chain means to be a part of it, such as when we die our remains are suppose to be either used by other animals or broken down by micro-organisms (which are also part of the foodchain).
Furthermore, it is so easy to claim this when your food, such as your meat is so readily available and pre-packaged for you. To be part of the food chain requires to be a involved in the inner dynamics, not far removed from it.
Also, if you were in the middle of the ocean with sharks, or in the African savannah with lions, without any weapons and relying on your physical attributes, do you think you would be on top of those respective foodchains?
What is a factory Farm?
A factory farm is an intensive operation that has the ultimate goal of making a profit. To help in strengthening their profit margin, animals are not seen as living beings, but as "units of production"- a means of making money. Since they are viewed this way, hundreds of animals are kept in appalling conditions where expenditure is kept to a minimum so as to maximise the profit margin. For more information about factory farms, go here.
What types of factory farms are there?
There are many types of factory farms that represent any animal that is kept for food production, or human needs. The most well known is the battery egg farms. Other intensive farming include broiler chicken (meat chickens), piggeries (sow stalls), dairy farms and the sheep and cattle industries. Please refer to the section, Animal Industry, for more information about individual factory farming types.
Are there factory farms in Australia?
Of course! Due to a significant increase in human population and the changing in environmental conditions, such as the drought, more factory farms are coming into operation. Despite being a country of "animal lovers", Australia still practices one of the worst factory farming types- battery cages. These have been banned in the UK and in most European countries. In another example, in 2007 a review of the Code of Practice for sows in which the Agricultural Ministers could make changes to the present sow stalls, was unchanged with sows being forced to be kept in stalls for another 10 years! Sow stalls have been banned throughout Europe, and one of America's biggest piggery companies have started to phase out sow stalls.
Australia also continues exporting animals overseas under terrible conditions. Known as Live Export, cases of animal neglect and death have been reported on the export ships from Australia to the Middle East. Although Australia is well aware of the horrendous slaughtering methods of Australian animals in overseas abbatoirs, the Government still continues the trade.
My family runs a farm and we don't treat animals like that. Where do you get your info from?
When we are campaigning against farming operations, we are trying to put a stop to intensive factory farming. You will find that all factory farms are either co-owned by large companies with alot of money or have wealthy companies holding shares, such as Coles Myer, and Elders Real Estate that have a large number of shares in cattle feedlots.
If you come from a farm where the welfare and wellbeing of the animal is just as important as the monetary value placed on them, then we are not addressing you. There are a number of small, independent and family owned farms out there struggling to make a living. It is the large factory farms that are pushing small farmers out of business
Why is fur cruel?
Many people who wear fur think that the fur is just an unneeded part of the slaughtered animal. That the animal had to die so why not use it? Other people do not even consider how the fur was obtained. However, fur is very much a cruelty issue. Millions of animals are either "farmed" or trapped for their pelts. Farmed fur bearing animals are often kept in terrible conditions, while those that are trapped often languish slowly in the trap before being found.
Due to the massive anti-fur campaining in the 1980's fur became less fashionable due to public awareness of the cruelty. However, during the 1990's and 2000's many celebrities started to wear more fur. This has fuelled the comback of fur in a major way. Fur is not only used to make jackets, but it takes one animal just to make a fur trim!
Fur needs to be correctly labelled. However, undercover footage of China's fur trade (a major supplier of fur to most fashion houses), have cats and dogs being slaughtered and their pelt being mislabelled as that of another animal. Other animals, such as rabbits are often skinned alive and discarded to die very slow and painful deaths.
For more info about the hidden cruelty of fur, go here.
Why is leather cruel?
Unfortunately, leather has become such a widely used material that no-one ever questions it's origins. Sure, when people do think about it, they know it's animal skin, namely from cattle. However, many other animals are slaughtered specifically for their hide. Kangaroos for example, have become part of a multi-million dollar industry that involves shooting of our native symbol and the deaths of hundreds of joeys. Other animals include saltwater crocodiles and emus.
Leather is primarily the by-product of the meat industry. Nothing is wasted from a slaughtered animal- everything must be used in some way or another. Even young calves, as old as one or two days, are specifically slaugtered for their supple hides.
It is not only the cruelty issues, but there are also environmental concerns. Chemicals and waste run-offs from the tanning process are released into the physical environment. Also, there has been many documented cases of human illnesses suffered by those that work in the tanning industry.
There is no need to use leather, as there are many alternatives available that are cruelty free and safer for both the environment and people.
For more info about the leather issue, go here.
What's so cruel about wool?
Like so many of the other industries that rely on animals for profit, there are hidden cruelty and practices. With concern to wool, lambs destined for this market have chunks of flesh cut out of their hides without painkillers. This is known as mulesing.
You must also realise that the sheep that are no longer of use to the Wool Industry are either slaughtered for human consumption in Australia, or shipped off to overseas markets. Known as the Live Export Trade, thousands of frightened sheep are crammed onto large ships and spend many weeks travelling to the Middle East or Egypt, for example. During this long, cruel journey, many sheep become very sick, lame, or slowly starve to death. Up to 10% of sheep do not survive the trip. There has also been documented cases of lame or sick sheep being thrown overboard at sea to slowly drown or be eaten by sharks.
Designated countries often have their own slaughter methods. In these countries, there are no animal protection laws and most animals are cruelly slaughtered, while still being conscious.
Where can I buy vegan clothes or products that aren't made from leather, for example?
There is a huge range of clothing, footwear and accesories that are available in a variety of stores. All you have to do is look at the labels to determine whether the article is made from real leather, fur or wool. If you are interested in just buying products that are vegan, then look for the term "Synthetic" or "Man Made", especially when shopping for shoes.
Also, real leather has that certain "smell" to it that synthetics do not. When looking for synthetic fur, just check where the stitching meets the fabric. You'll find a textured weave at the base.
If you are looking for 100% vegan products that are normally very hard to find, for example, jackets, purses, dress shoes or belts, then the best place to look is online. There is a wide array of on-line stores that cater specifically for vegans. Check out this fantastic site that lists various vegan stores.
There is one particular Australian shop, called Vegan Wares. Situated in Melbourne, they offer fantastic shoes, wallets, purses and belts. You can even have your shoes custom made!
Another fantastic online shop is Vegan Essentials. Although based in the U.S they have a HUGE array of fantastic products, including vegan perfumes!! How sweet is that!
What is Animal Rights?
Animal Rights is based on the belief that the interests of non-human animals should have the same consideration as the interests of humans. That non-human animals should be free from suffering and exploitation for human gain, and be free to live their lives as close to natural as possible.
How do I get involved in Animal Rights?
There are many ways you can get involved. Some people join high profile groups such as PETA where they are involved through donations or taking part in actions. If there is an Animal Rights group in your city you can join and attend regular meetings. Many people prefer this as it is a way of being around other people who share a common goal and passion. It is also a great way to meet new and interesting people, travel to different places and help save animals.
If becoming active in a group is not for you, then you can be like so many others and adopt a cruelty free lifestyle. By not eating or using animal products, you are not supporting the cruel practices. It may not seem much, but it is quite effective as the people who are cruel to animals do so because of wealth. By not giving them money means you are not supporting their cruel practices.
Some people just become members and give donations. The majority of groups fighting for animal rights rely on public donations and generosity. Donations help raise funds for projects, advertisments and rescuing of sick and injured animals. Other people become volunteers and help out an organisation at fundraising events.
Are there Animal Rights groups in Australia? And what do they do?
Unfortunately, Animal Rights in Australia is not as heavily supported as other countries such the UK, in Europe, and America. There are only a few Australian Animal Rights groups in Australia with Animal Liberation being relatively known. Although not a national organisation as such, there is a separate Animal Liberation group in most states. Another well known group is Animals Australia. They do alot of work both in Australia and overseas. Both Animal Liberation and Animals Australia focus on the plight of factory farmed animals, as well as all Animal Rights issues.
It is important to know that with a group such as Animal Liberation, most of its projects are organised and run by individuals who may have a specific goal. This may involve holding information stalls in their area, to a small public protest. Of course, they have support from the organisation, especially when big actions happen, such as a national campaign, then everyone comes aboard and lends a hand.
Since it's all about telling the public what is happening and getting people to become aware of issues and start changes, advertisment campaigns are organised and made public.
You will also find smaller groups that have only a few members. These groups are state specific and work on specific issues, such as Against Animal Cruelty Tasmania (AACT)
I saw on the news, Animal Rights activists breaking into a farm. Do they do illegal stuff?
What is portrayed and how it is portrayed by the media may not accurately reflect the truth. At times activists may visit the property of someone who is mistreating animals to take footage to prove that the cruelty is true. All cruelty is hidden from the public and sometimes it takes someone to obtain documentation so that it becomes evidence. The evidence is then handed to the police or RSPCA and they can start investigating the people mistreating the animals.
We do not endorse violence or illegal activities. In all cases when an action involves some form of activity that may not be viewed as appropriate, all legal and safety concerns are considered and implemented. These activities are well researched and organised, with law enforcement often aware prior to the action.
Are Animal Rights activists terrorists?
A belief held by people fighting for Animal Rights is that ALL living creatures, whether a human or non-human animal, should be treated with respect and without harm. Unfortunately, since the September 11 tragedy the term of "terrorist" has often been mis-used, with Animal Rights activists being labelled as such. Although individual people may take matters in their own hands (as in the cases of some UK and European activists), we do not believe in terrorising people. You will find that the ones that label us as terrorists are the ones who are mistreating the animals. THEY are the terrorists - they deliberately instil fear and pain to others- the animals.
I saw some people protesting on the street. Don't they have anything better to do?
Unfortunately, this image of "dole-bludging" protestors is so widely believed, yet it is inaccurate and unfounded. You will find that Animal Rights campaigners reflect a wide spectrum of backgrounds, from high school students to adult professionals, such as doctors and lawyers. Just because they are protesting during business hours does not mean they don't have other commitments, such as a family or career. Quite the opposite. Being an Animal Rights campaigner is a commitment and just like any other commitment, people make the time.
Why do animal rights activists push their values onto others?
This is something stated by people who are very resistant to finding out hidden truths. It is true that people who work for Animal Rights do talk openly and are very passionate about their cause. It's not that we are "pushing", but we want to tell others about the hidden cruelty that exists. Otherwise, how will you find out what happens, or where your money goes? To listen and acknowledge that there are hidden cruelty issues means becoming aware of your actions, choices and the consequences. People who say this think it is so much easier to just IGNORE rather than make a positive change that does not benefit them directly.
However, if you think about it, who is really pushing? Those people who want better conditions for the millions of animals and with no personal gain, or the multi billion Industries reliant on using animals for their profit? One just has to look carefully at the multi million advertisements by the fast food companies, the neverending print and television advertisements by the various Dairy and Meat Industries, the push for beauty and vanity by the various cosmetic and fashion sectors, to realise that it is those who profit from animal suffering that are doing the "pushing". Why is it so easy to believe them, but such a difficulty to find out what happens behind closed doors?
You must realise that animals do not have a "voice" when it comes to how people treat them, so we need to defend and speak on their behalf.
Doesn't the Bible state we have "Dominion" over animals, therefore they are for our use?
Just like so many other references taken from religious texts, such as the Bible, people will often adapt that reference to suit their needs.This particular "dominion" reference is taken from the first chapter of the Bible:
"God said....Let [man] have dominion over the fish of the sea, and over the fowl of the air, and over the cattle...."
But what is meant by the word "dominion"? Depending on which defining reference you use, dominion can mean many things ranging from " sovereignty, lordship, control" (Concise Oxford English Dictionary) to " government, command , mastery" ( Collins Thesaurus).
Governments hold a certain "dominance" over their land or people, parents over their children, employers over their employees and so on. Does that mean that they can treat those in their "control" in anyway they feel? Does that mean that it's okay for them to mistreat, be horribly cruel, or to slaughter for their personal gain?
Furthermore, like other teachings, the meanings are open to interpretation. Maybe what it intended is not, “Do whatever you want to the animals, like torturing, eating, experiment on, etc”, but, “Since I made humans with more reason than the rest of the animals on earth, it will be up to you to see that they are well cared for - do not harm (or kill) them."
Dominion should not involve torture and cruelty.
Didn't God give us permission to eat meat?
God only granted man permission to eat meat after the Great Flood when He said to Noah that "every moving thing that liveth shall be meat for you." Genesis 9:3. This can be seen as a necessity rather than a choice as the Flood would have destroyed all vegetation.
However, God allowed so many things that would be considered immoral in today's soiciety. For example, polygamy in which a man can have numerous wives. Exodus 21:10,11
Also, you have to be careful of the definition of "meat". When God stated that we should eat meat, did it mean animal flesh? God said to Adam and Eve, “I have given you every herb bearing seed, which is upon the face of all the earth, and every tree, in which [sic] is the fruit of a tree yielding seed; to you it shall be meat.” Genesis 1:29
How about someone who believes that eggs are meant to be eaten and battery cages are fine: "...you must leave a mother bird and her eggs alone - you may take her brood, but you must leave the mother bird alone." Deuteronomy 22:6-7
My religion requires me to eat meat. What can I do?
Are you sure of this? Most religions leave the decision of eating meat to the individual. Although some religious festivals are based on the killing of animals and eating them, the actions are not compulsory (such as those of Muslim or Jewish faith). If you do not eat meat, it shouldn't be a problem.
My teacher is forcing me to dissect an animal for science, but I don't want to. What can I do?
This is one of the most common questions asked by students who feel forced to use an animal in their education.
YOU HAVE A CHOICE not to dissect or experiment on an animal in the classroom. Initially, most students who attempt to object to dissection, fail to see it through because it becomes too hard. This is due to unwanted pressure by the teacher claiming that they will fail the topic, or by other students making fun of their objection.
Apart from the unwarranted pressure, many students fail to research the topic and prepare in their objection.
Go here for a guide on how you can successfully object to using animals in your study, in particular dissection.
I want to start an Animal Rights group at my school. How do I go about it?
More and more students are becoming pro-active and organising small groups at school to help fight in their cause.
If you are interested in starting an Animal Rights group at your school, you first have to do the preparation and research. This means finding other students who are just as willing to join and help in the group. It also means setting out clear aims for your group, whether it is to hold information stalls at your school at certain times, doing fundraising for a cause, holding information sessions for other students, or holding regular meetings to discuss on how to make changes, either at school or in your personal life.
You also need to find a staff member or teacher who is willing to help you organise and manage the group. To have an adult involved means support for you, as well as help you to keep focussed and within any set guidelines or rules that your school has stipulated.
Once you have made all the necessary preparation then a trip to the Principal is needed so as to discuss whether it is permissable to have a group. If you have properly prepared and researched all the things needed to run a small group, then the school shouldn't have a problem with it. As long as you have the time and dedication to see it through.
For more info about how to start a group at your school, see the "Act" section.
Voiceless is a brilliant organisation that helps students set up animal groups in their schools. Their 'Animal Club' program is specifically designed to help students interested in starting an animal rights group in their school. They even award grants to those that are truly dedicated in helping to stop animal cruelty. Visit Voiceless website for more information.
Can I have someone from Animal Liberation visit my school?
You sure can! Animal Liberation has a fully qualified teacher who will visit your school free of charge. Depending on your interest or purpose, we can hold a general presentation about animal cruelty issues, to small group presentations about specific issues. All presentations are approximately an hour and half long and include a discussion, activity and information packs for those interested in finding out more information.
If you would like us to visit your school, just contact us.
Are animals slaughtered humanely?
Most people who eat meat like to believe that the animals that are slaughtered for them are done so humanely. There is no such thing as "humane slaughter". Even if you don't believe that animals have complex feelings, their instinct for survival cannot be denied. Slaughterhouse workers will agree that all animals struggle and try to escape death. Just knowing that you are going to die - and worse still, not knowing the reason - would be a terrifying experience in itself.
Although slaughter methods have slightly "improved", such as stunning techniques and equipment, it does not stop the fact that the process is indeed bloody and sickening. Not all animals are stunned properly, and even if done so properly, can become conscious as they are having their throat sliced. Bleeding out, in the case of cattle, can take up to 5 minutes sometimes longer. Furthermore, undercover investigations have uncovered terrible acts of cruelty in the abbatoir. Animals have been known to be shot in the head repeatedly, stomped on, and even gutted and skinned while still alive.
It's quite easy for those to be ignorant in the reality of the slaughter process since the majority of people have not seen what happens inside an abbatoir. Maybe you should take the time to visit an abbatoir and find out what really happens.
As reported by one slaughterhouse worker, in which cattle were suppose to be dead, when they reached him:
“They blink. They make noises,” he said softly. “The head moves, the eyes are wide and looking around.” Still Moreno would cut. On bad days, he says, dozens of animals reached his station clearly alive and conscious. Some would survive as far as the tail cutter, the belly ripper, the hide puller. “They die piece by piece.”- (Eisnitz, G. (1997). Slaughterhouse)
If we stopped using animals, won't people lose their jobs?
True. Careers or jobs that depend on animals will disappear, but think of how many other areas would open up. One just has to think about the internet, in particular, emails. Information technology has opened up so many other areas of employment. Twenty or so years ago, virtually everyone used the postal system to send information, in the form of letters, documentation etc. Now, emails, Blueberries, even mobile phones are being used to send information. Many jobs were lost as a result of new forms of communication, but so many others were created as well.
The same would apply for those that work in the food animal industries, such as farmers, transporters, slaughterhouse workers etc. Instead of raising animals that are contributing greatly to environmental destruction, farmers can concentrate on more sustainable crops. Considering that a large amount of grain is used by the farming community to feed their animals (approximately 13 million tonnes of feed is needed each year to feed the animals raised for food or approximately 7.45kg of feed to produce only 1.1kg of weight gain in cattle), the increase in demand for more grains, fruit and vegetables for human consumption will increase the number of jobs needed to satisfy the demand.
Furthermore, just think about the number of farmers that are losing their land and livelihood because of the worsening drought. Considering that meat production takes twice as much water as grain production, perhaps farmers should start looking at other farming alternatives.
If we stopped eating meat, wouldn't we be over-run by animals?
No, of course not! Farmed animals are specifically bred in huge numbers for the purpose to satisfy human appettites. Thousands of dairy cows are forced to become pregnant so to produce more milk. Same applies to sows that are "raped" so they can have more litters.
Simply put, if people stopped eating meat then there would be less animals.
I can't or don't want to stop eating meat, but still want to help animals. What can I do?
This is one of the most common questions I hear from students. Unfortunately, by eating meat you are still supporting industries that deal in animal cruelty. Just because you are not operating the factory farm or slaughtering the animal, every time you consume meat or animal products you are indirectly in support of animal cruelty.
I have come across many people who consider themselves as 'animal lovers' and are horrified when animals are cruelly mistreated. However, they are only interested in those animals that are either companion animals, or those that are exotic, such as whales. They fail to realise that everytime they consume animal products they are involved in animal cruelty.
There are also people who are very dedicated to helping a particular group of animals. For example, people who want to put an end to commercial whaling are very passionate about their cause. Other people believe that fur farming is terrible and fight to put an end to that industry.
If you are really passionate about wanting to put an end to animal cruelty, it means wanting to put an end to ALL types of animal cruelty, not just to those animals that you believe are more deserving than others.
I have found that people who are undoubtedly firm in their conviction to wanting to put an end to animal cruelty, will not eat meat. The first step to making a change is what you decide to do in your lifestyle.
That does not mean that you should stop wanting to help animals. If you're in a position that you can't become vegetarian or vegan, it does not mean that there are other animals that don't need your help.
What's your viewpoint on feral animals? Don't their numbers need to be managed?
Animal Liberation's viewpoint on feral animals is like that for all animals - that they all have the right to live free from cruelty, abuse and exploitation. Unfortunately, the feral animal situation in Australia is not a simple one to resolve. You have to remember that feral animals did not have a choice to be in their situation. That it is through human mismanagement, carelessness and desires that have caused the feral problem. Animals such as foxes and rabbits were released to satisfy the hunting parties of rich settlers from England. Feral pigs were once domesticated and either through escaping or release, were sent out into the wild. The same applies to horses and camels that were no longer needed by early settlers and explorers.
The issue of feral cats is an emotional and heated one. Many people believe that the drop in the population numbers of native wildlife is due to feral cats. They don't realise that human urbanisation and development is the major cause of wildlife destruction. Furthermore, if cat owners were more responsible with their cats such as limiting the time the cat is outside, as well as sterilisation, then the number of unwanted and feral cats would be decreased.
The various forms of feral animal control include poison, namely that of the 1080 poison. 1080 (or sodium monofluoroacetate) is a poison which affects both native and non-native animals. It is widely used by National Parks and Wildlife Service, Rural Lands Protection Board, Farmers and Councils to kill foxes, dingoes, wild dogs, cats, goats, rabbits, pigs and other animals. Although the aim is to kill feral animals, many native animals are also poisoned "accidentally".
Other means of feral control includes shooting, either by land or aerial. Hunting has become a multi-million dollar industry in which high powered rifles, ammunition and hunting accessories are easily accessible. The most popular animal is the feral hog. Hunting parties or weekend hunting trips are organised by tourist groups with the aim of making a profit. The hunting culture is slowly on the increase and is starting to be like that of the Americans.
Aerial shooting is a controlled practise carried out by the State. This involves shooting large animals such as horses, camels, goats and buffaloes from a moving helicopter. Due to the inaccuracy of shots from a moving helicopter, as well as the unpredictability of the animal, many animals that are shot aren't killed immediately but are injured and left to die slow and painful deaths.
Yes, the numbers must be managed, but by culling through poisoning and hunting will not solve the feral 'problem'. Rather than concentrating on a solution to the problem, perhaps the State and people should concentrate on the causes.
Do fish feel pain?
One just has to look at how a caught fish acts to see that the fish is suffering in some way.
Research has shown that fish do feel pain. When negative stimulants such as bee venom is placed on the sensitive lips of fish, they reacted by rubbing the area against rocks and other hard surfaces as if relieving the discomfort. Furthermore, the neurons of fish show similar firing patterns to that of the human nervous system. In addition, fish produce a pain blocking chemical when in "distress".
For more information, see the Fishing article
Even if you don't believe that fish do not feel pain, think about all the other animals that are affected by commercial fishing, such as dolphins, whales, seals and seabirds, just to name a few.
Since humans are the most intelligent, doesn't that give us the right to use animals since they're not as intelligent?
Human intelligence is different among individual humans and to that of animals, just as groups of animals differ from other groups. Although we have science, language and the arts, animals have their own form of science, language and arts. Considering that many human achievements were based on the animal kingdom, such as flight and birds, structural engineering on spider webs or bird nests, and medicine based on animals interaction with plants. Each species of animals have their own specialised language. One just has to think of the vocal variety of birds or the complexity of whale and dolphin communication. If you agree that dogs can learn commands or parrots can talk, then think about this..if some animals can understand us, then why haven't we been able to understand any of theirs?
Don't forget human intelligence is not the only form of intelligence. That animals are quite intelligent and have adapted to suit their needs. Our intelligence is used to gain pleasures or achievements in our life that other animals do not need or want. Just because they don't share our form of intelligence does not mean they are inferior.
You must also realise that by believing that intelligence is a predicate for how something must be treated, then everyone would be treated differently. Take those who are intellectually handicapped. Does that mean they can be abused or treated terribly? Not everyone is a neurologist or atomic physicist. Not everyone can compose a beautiful piece of classical music or paint a masterpiece. If you were to base treatment on intelligence, how would you fair?
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